If you are a U.S. citizen or green card holder living abroad, you may be among the most over-regulated taxpayers in the world. The United States is one of only two countries on the planet (the other being Eritrea) that taxes its citizens on worldwide income regardless of where they live. That single policy choice creates a maze of filing obligations — federal income tax returns, FBAR, FATCA reporting, foreign income exclusions, foreign tax credits, PFIC rules, foreign trust rules — that catches Americans abroad year after year, often through no fault of their own.
If you have lived abroad for years and only recently learned that you should have been filing U.S. returns and reporting foreign accounts, take a breath. The IRS has specific procedures designed exactly for this situation, and the financial outcome for taxpayers who come forward voluntarily is dramatically better than for those who don’t. The penalty regime for unreported foreign accounts is severe — but the path back to compliance for non-willful taxpayers is well-traveled and predictable.
This article walks through what U.S. citizens and green card holders abroad are actually required to file, how FBAR and FATCA work, what the Streamlined Filing Compliance Procedures look like, and what realistic paths exist to bring multi-year non-compliance current. By the end, you should have a clear sense of where you stand and what your next move should be.
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