If you live or do business in California, the question I get asked most often by clients facing both federal and state tax issues is some version of this: “Why is the state coming after me harder than the IRS?” The honest answer is that California’s tax agencies operate under different rules, different timelines, and different incentives than the IRS — and on a day-to-day basis, they are frequently more aggressive, faster to enforce, and harder to negotiate with than the federal government.
California has three primary tax agencies that touch most businesses and high earners: the Franchise Tax Board (FTB), which handles personal and corporate income tax; the Employment Development Department (EDD), which handles state payroll taxes and worker classification; and the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA), which handles sales and use tax and various special taxes. Each one has its own statutes, its own collection tools, its own audit programs, and its own appeal procedures. None of them coordinate with each other on your behalf, and none of them defer to the IRS.
This article walks through each agency — what they do, how they enforce, where they’re tougher than the IRS, and what to do when you’re facing them. By the end, you should have a much clearer picture of what California is actually capable of and how to navigate it.
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